Hereditary Dyschromatopsia: Two Cases at an Ophthalmology Centre in Guadeloupe

Introduction: Colour blindness is a genetic vision disorder that alters colour perception. It is caused by cones, normally located on the retina and responsible for receiving colours, which are absent in people with this condition. It affects 9% of men and 0.5% of women.

Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study covering a six-month period from 1 August 2023 to 31 January 2024.

Results: The 100 HUE test was completely distorted. The notion of dyschromatopsia in the family, the results of the Ichihara tests and the 100HUE test confirmed the diagnosis of colour blindness. Treatment consisted of vitamin therapy, photochromic lenses and advice on careers he could pursue later in life for better social integration.

Conclusion: Gene therapy offers new perspectives in treatment. Colour-filtering contact lenses have been successfully synthesised using gold nanoparticles with HEMA and EGDMA as the base polymer and cross-linking agent, respectively. These lenses can significantly improve the situation for people with colour blindness.

Keywords: Dyschromatopsia, Hereditary, Colour Blindness, Guadeloupe.